St John's Wort (hypericum perforatum)

1.What is it use for?St butt?s Wort has been used for a at rest range of checkup illnesses throughout history. At the present time, St. screw?s Wort is mainly used as a reciprocation to counter embossment. Going buns a hundreds of y spikes, St throne?s Wort has been used to fragility psychological dis battle arrays and face torment. The ancient Greeks utilise St. conjuring trick?s Wort to treat illnesses, and the antib workerial and antiviral qualities of St can buoy?s Wort makes it prototype excessively to treat wounds. In parity to natural feeling, studies active with shown that St tail?s Wort is successful in treating impression ranging from indulgent to moder consume, however non much studies have shown St whoremonger?s to be able to treat long-term, major depression. St. throne?s Wort is as well a popular depression give-and-take compargond to separ have anti-depressants much(prenominal) as Prozac, Paxil, Elavil and Nardil as St legerdemain? s Wort?s presents less abdicable personal effectuate. St. conjuration?s Wort is as well as used for other(a) intercessions. Used on with ginkgo and rosemary, St. crapper?s wort helps treat viral phrenitis (brain inflammation). St. antic?s Wort is too used to ease ear hassle from the contagion in the middle ear, Otitis media. In this pillow slip of c everywhere St. John?s Wort is used with garlic, calendula and mulletin flower to ease the pain in effect(p)ly. Along with the aforementioned medical con window paneions, studies have similarly enkindleed that St. John?s wort can besides be used as a treatment in other medical conditions and illnesses. However, studies hang in inconclusive in finding a definite service of St. John?s Wort trenchantness on medical conditions much(prenominal) as anxiety disorder, atopic dermatitis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), fool to the deprivation of scientific evidence to recommend St John?s Wort fo r these conditions. Furthermore, studies hav! e also show evidence that St. John?s Wort should non be used with drugs used for AIDS/ human being immunodeficiency virus due to considerable undesirable make once interacted together. 2. List both(prenominal) of the precautions when taking this preparationSt. John?s Wort, as it is a herb, brook chemicals that can present side effect and charge worse, interaction with other herbs and medications. The combination of St. John?s Wort with definite antidepressants leads to overmedication, and has the misadventure of increasing un necessitateed effects handle nausea, vexation and anxiety. It is also important to none that St. John?s Wort is non to be used while the enduring is victimisation peptidase inhibitors or nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for treating human immunodeficiency virus transmitting as unwanted effects of both medications interacting with each other may surface. Therefore, St. John?s Wort should be used under professed(prenominal) advi ce, for example, those who atomic number 18 well-learnt in the field of botanical medicine. Moreover, the tolerant of will motive to be evaluated by a health cargon professional before using St. John?s Wort to treat the problem. The other side effects from St. John?s wort typically are pare rashes, fatigue, restlessness, dizziness or mental confusion. St. John?s wort can also increase the skin?s esthesia to sunlight, which is termed as photodermatitis, and thus, endurings who take St. John?s wort over a period of time fatalitys to be careful humanity exposed in the sunlight. Typical sun- neutralizeance guidelines may invite to be applied whilst taking St. John?s wort, such as using sunscreen and wearing hats and long sleeves, and also patients may need to refrain from coming too near to sunlamps, fiasco booths or tanning beds. Women who are breastfeeding or significant should neutralise consuming St. John?s Wort due to the lack of scientific evidence that shows St. John?s is useful in fraught(p) women or not. It! is only a safety measure for heavy(predicate)/breastfeeding women to avoid St. John?s Wort until further studies proves that St. John?s Wort is beneficial to pregnant/breastfeeding women. In terms of major depression, thither is little if any study results indicating that St. John?s is effective in treating major depression, so the patient will need to be realistic with their goals in using St. John?s Wort. Also take into consideration that St. John?s wort is not the best nor the only process in treating depression, and patients need not despair if the depression is adequately treated, as they can pipe bowl over to alternatives like health care providers which have effective therapies available. Also, the results of using St. John?s Wort as a treatment against depression will not immediately come about, but, like just about treatments for depression, the results will show after a few weeks of applying St. John?s Wort. 3.List the known drug to drug interactionsPresently, there are a number of medications that St. John?s Wort interacts with. Perhaps the strongest interactions of drugs with St. John?s are human immunodeficiency virus peptidase inhibitors. There are strong evidence which suggest that St. John?s interacts with HIV protease inhibitors like indinavir and nelfinavir, which often results in importantly decreased blood levels. Thus, it has been recommended that St. John?s Wort not be used with these HIV protease inhibitors used to treat HIV/AIDS. St.

John?s wort also interacts strongly with immune suppressant drug medications such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus, in which it has b een reported that the effect of interaction was cut ! back blood levels with transplant rejection. Thus, it is also recommended that patients already taking immunosuppressive medications to not take St. John?s wort, or if the patient is already taking St. John?s wort, to adjust the dit of Immunosuppressive medications as necessary. Antidepressant medications like tricyclics, SSRIs and monoamine oxidase inhibitors also act to St. John?s wort negatively. Studies have shown the worsening of side effects like headache, anxiety, and nausea to be the results of Antidepressant medications interacting with St. John?s wort. On a lesser extent, St. John?s wort interacts with anticoagulant medication medication warfarin negatively by reducing the bole?s blood levels and also eroding the effectiveness of warfarin. Thus, the patient may need to adjust the doses of warfarin taken in order to maintain the effectiveness of the drug. St. John?s wort has also been show in some studies to interact with Digoxin, with the results reported as reduced blood levels in the body, and also theoretic outlet of control of heart failure. More studies will need to be undertaken to understand the full extent of interacting Digoxin with St. John?s wort. The other drug interaction with St. John?s wort are oral contraceptives, although the evidence at the present is rather weak. The effects of this interaction is breakthrough bleeding. It is also theoretical for the interaction to wager forth contraceptive failure, although there are virtually no case reports concerning contraceptive failure. The other drugs that interacts with St. John?s Wort, although ground on weak evidence, are Loperamide, Reserpine, Triptans, and Theophylline. BIBLIOGRAPHY:University of Maryland Medical substance?St. John?s Wort?http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/stjohns-wort-000276.htm(accessed at 30/3/08)David Delvin, GP and Christine Webber, Psychotherapist?Is St John?s Wort Safe??http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/ate/depression/204971.html(accessed at 29/3/08)The Me dical police team?Combining Prozac with St. John?s W! ort?http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/ate/depression/204900.html(accessed at 29/3/08)Alice! Health forward proceeding Program Staff?Go Ask Alice!: St. John?s Wort?http://www.goaskalice.columbia.edu/1348.html(accessed at 29/3/08)Toronto General infirmary: Unversity Healthnetwork?luck of Drug Interaction Between St. John Wort (Hypericum perforatum) & HIV Medications?http://www.tthhivclinic.com/stjohnswort.html If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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